{
  "asOf": "2026-09-05",
  "graded": 316600902,
  "domains_with_mx": 173425856,
  "domains_with_mx_millions": 173.4,
  "mx_present_pct": 54.78,
  "providers": [
    {
      "provider": "Self-hosted / other",
      "count": 91875853,
      "pct": 52.98
    },
    {
      "provider": "Google Workspace",
      "count": 21565780,
      "pct": 12.44
    },
    {
      "provider": "Microsoft 365",
      "count": 14697578,
      "pct": 8.47
    },
    {
      "provider": "GoDaddy",
      "count": 9676946,
      "pct": 5.58
    },
    {
      "provider": "Namecheap",
      "count": 7895734,
      "pct": 4.55
    },
    {
      "provider": "IONOS",
      "count": 7372870,
      "pct": 4.25
    },
    {
      "provider": "Hostinger",
      "count": 4751121,
      "pct": 2.74
    },
    {
      "provider": "OVH",
      "count": 2937485,
      "pct": 1.69
    },
    {
      "provider": "Cloudflare Email Routing",
      "count": 2472484,
      "pct": 1.43
    },
    {
      "provider": "Zoho Mail",
      "count": 1864773,
      "pct": 1.08
    },
    {
      "provider": "Proofpoint",
      "count": 1121045,
      "pct": 0.65
    },
    {
      "provider": "one.com",
      "count": 1048720,
      "pct": 0.6
    },
    {
      "provider": "Titan (Flock)",
      "count": 840791,
      "pct": 0.48
    },
    {
      "provider": "Tencent Exmail",
      "count": 783132,
      "pct": 0.45
    },
    {
      "provider": "Namecheap Private Email",
      "count": 747021,
      "pct": 0.43
    },
    {
      "provider": "Gandi",
      "count": 659208,
      "pct": 0.38
    },
    {
      "provider": "Yandex",
      "count": 538595,
      "pct": 0.31
    },
    {
      "provider": "Proton",
      "count": 518381,
      "pct": 0.3
    },
    {
      "provider": "Rackspace",
      "count": 369244,
      "pct": 0.21
    },
    {
      "provider": "Mail.ru",
      "count": 339107,
      "pct": 0.2
    },
    {
      "provider": "Amazon SES",
      "count": 303541,
      "pct": 0.18
    },
    {
      "provider": "Alibaba",
      "count": 291727,
      "pct": 0.17
    },
    {
      "provider": "Fastmail",
      "count": 226887,
      "pct": 0.13
    },
    {
      "provider": "ImprovMX",
      "count": 208501,
      "pct": 0.12
    },
    {
      "provider": "Mimecast",
      "count": 173258,
      "pct": 0.1
    },
    {
      "provider": "Forward Email",
      "count": 143356,
      "pct": 0.08
    },
    {
      "provider": "Bluehost",
      "count": 1525,
      "pct": 0
    },
    {
      "provider": "HostGator",
      "count": 589,
      "pct": 0
    },
    {
      "provider": "Strato",
      "count": 428,
      "pct": 0
    },
    {
      "provider": "Amazon WorkMail",
      "count": 176,
      "pct": 0
    }
  ],
  "_concentration": {
    "top1_pct": 52.98,
    "top5_pct": 84.02
  },
  "_headline": {
    "google_pct": 12.44,
    "ms_pct": 8.47,
    "google_ms_combined_pct": 20.91
  },
  "_source": "census the raw DNS MX records primary MX host -> research/maps/mx-provider-map.json (first-match-wins substring), deduped per domain",
  "_note": "domains_with_mx = graded domains publishing >=1 MX record (mxRecords non-empty); mx_present_pct = % of graded. Provider pcts are of domains_with_mx. primary MX = first mxRecords entry; unmatched / self-domain MX = 'Self-hosted / other'. NB: the mx-record CHECK is lenient (~99% pass) and is NOT used here."
}